The data provider module provides a way to encapsulate an internal/external resource that can be used in multiple areas of a web application without rewriting logic that is found usually in the frontend application. Think of the data provider as a middleware between fetched data, and the presentation layer.
It comes with an HTTP Request fetcher which allows for consuming an internal/external API endpoint. The fetched data is then moved to the transformers stage, which can be a series of plugins that parses and manipulate the fetched data.